Abstract
We analyze the uniqueness of the solutions of inverse lithographical problems, stated as optimization problems, and optical images. By considering a band-limitedness argument, examples of ill-posed problems are constructed with multiple solutions in the domain of real non-negative passive masks. We conclude that the necessary condition for the solution m to be unique is to touch (or to pass infinitely close to) the boundary of the constraint 0m1. In the domain of binary masks, we propose a procedure to construct two nonunique solutions from a possibly unique one. We prove the existence of unique binary solutions in some class of optical systems and suggest a thresholding procedure to generate a unique solution from a possibly nonunique one.
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