Abstract
In order to examine the main forces exerted on the slabs, the dip angles of slabs are compared with other parameters related to the descending slabs. As a result, it is found that the main factors which control the dip angle are the relative velocity of two converging plates and the negative buoyancy force of the descending slab, especially the additional negative buoyancy of the olivine—spinel phase change. A good correlation between the dip angle and the relative velocity suggests a significant role of dynamic support by flow stress.
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