Abstract
A novel method to determine the dispersion of the quadratic electro-optic effect in nonlinear optical materials by using a silicon-on-insulator microring resonator is presented. The microring consists of a silicon slot waveguide enabling large dc electric field strength at low applied voltages. The dispersion of third-order hyperpolarizability of a linear conjugated dye is approximated by using a two-level model for the off-resonant spectral region. As an example, the dispersion of the resonance wavelength of the resonator filled with a dye doped polymer was measured in dependence of the applied dc voltage. The polymer was poly (methylmethacrylate) doped with $\text{5 wt}\%$ disperse red 1 (DR1), and the measurements have been carried out at the telecommunication wavelength band around $\text{1550 nm}$ (optical C -band). The described measurements represent a new technique to determine the dispersion of the third-order susceptibility and molecular hyperpolarizability of the material filled into the slot of the ring-resonator.
Highlights
Recent developments in the field of silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) devices [1]–[4] have led to a renewed interest in nonlinear optical (NLO) organic materials [5]
Latest research on slot waveguidebased devices has shown the feasibility of the quadratic EO effect for on-chip applications at voltages as low as 1 V [13], which demonstrates the compatibility with typical complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-driver voltages
We present a method to determine the dispersion of the quadratic EO effect of NLO materials by using a silicon micro-ring resonator
Summary
Recent developments in the field of silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) devices [1]–[4] have led to a renewed interest in nonlinear optical (NLO) organic materials [5]. A first RF modulator solely based on the quadratic EO effect in a SOH ring resonator has been demonstrated recently [14] Because of such innovative device concepts, the quadratic EO effect in SOH slot waveguides is expected to be an emerging technology for on-chip photonic circuits. A method to infer the dispersion of the quadratic EO effect in polymers directly from the measured on-chip performance is beneficial to avoid such discrepancies and to support simulation studies of integrated optical devices with reliable information. The ring resonator comprises a slot waveguide and is fabricated by CMOS-compatible processes In this way, the on-chip performance of novel EO materials can be determined using the same technological conditions as for the final device
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