Offering strategy of a Plug-in Electric Vehicle parking lot in renewable-based distribution networks

Abstract

In this paper, the impacts of type, size and placement of renewable energy resources (RERs) on the offering strategy of Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) parking lots is investigated. To this end, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the behavior of a PEV parking lot in energy and reserve markets, considering the interaction with RESs. On this basis, the PEV parking lot is modeled in a distribution system consisting of wind and photovoltaic power producers. Moreover, the stochastic model consists of uncertainty characteristics of PEV owners' behavior, wind and photovoltaic power generation. Several numerical studies are analyzed to indicate how the factors of the RESs affect the optimal offering strategy of the parking lots.