Abstract
Shock and vibration caused by mechanical motion bring huge potential threats to the service life and assembly reliability of mechanical systems. Rubber materials have been widely used in aircraft, trains, and other engineering fields, due to their excellent properties in shock and vibration absorption. This paper aimed to study the rubber ring buffer applied to a certain type of Chinese locomotive. Firstly, the finite element model was established and verified through experimental data. Based on the verified simulation model, the influence of the constitutive parameters (C01/C10 ratio height H and contour radius R) of the rubber ring on its energy absorption and peak crushing force under impact loading was studied in a numerical environment. Finally, the design of the experiment was carried out by the optimized Latin hypercube method, and the response surface model was established, which intuitively demonstrated the influence of the relevant parameters of the rubber ring on the change trend of the energy absorption and peak force. Based on the proxy model, the parameters that improve the crashworthiness of the rubber ring buffer were found quickly by the NSGA-II optimization algorithm, and the problems of a long calculation time and low optimization efficiency when using the conventional finite element method were avoided. The optimization results stated that when H = 107.57 mm and R = 85.70 mm, C01/C10 = 0.0571 of the energy absorption of the optimized buffer was increased by 59.03%, and the peak force was decreased by 14.37%, compared with the original structure. The optimized rubber ring buffer is expected to reduce the peak crushing force, enhance the energy absorption capacity, and mitigate the damage to the train system caused by shock and vibration.
Highlights
During the operation of a train, there is a coupling relationship between adjacent vehicles in the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions
In order to better discover and understand the relevant properties of rubber buffers, the cushioning performance and energy absorption characteristics of rubber materials have become the focus of research in many fields
Wu et al [2] established a finite element model of the rubber extrusion process by the Euler–Lagrangian coupling method, and simulated the expansion phenomenon in the rubber extrusion process, which was consistent with reality
Summary
During the operation of a train, there is a coupling relationship between adjacent vehicles in the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions. Pang et al [7] proposed a new finite element method for static calculation and analysis of automobile composite rubber suspension, and conducted stress distribution and deformation analysis on rubber suspension under different working conditions through finite element software It provides a reference for the virtual design and lightweight design of vehicle composite rubber suspension. Shi et al [12] used a new type of rubber material strain energy function to analyze the large deformation of an incompressible rubber cylinder under internal pressure, and proposed a new method to control the calculation stability and convergence rate, and the influence of the choice of penalty factor on the result of finite element calculation was discussed. Yildiz [13] determined the actual performance of the rubber fender through experiments and used three different strain energy functions as the superelastic material model in its finite element analysis. The results showed that the stress concentration is not sensitive to the prediction of a fatigue crack’s location, and the method of using strain
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