Nucleocytoplasmic correlation in thyrocytes in case of nodular types of goiter with recurrent and non recurrent course

Abstract

The term «nodular» or «adenomatous» goiter is used concerning thyroid gland diseases of a various morphological structure. The disease is extremely widespread among the population especially in the regions with iodine deficiency. Fine-needle aspiration puncture biopsy under USD control with the cytological examination of punctate is a «gold» standard to diagnose thyroid nodes before surgery. Though this method differs from that of histological one, it enables us to give an idea concerning thyroid pathology occurring in a certain patient. Of course, postsurgical histological examination is the most accurate method of studying the thyroid tissue, but diagnostics of the pathology before surgery is more important for the choice of an adequate surgery with the purpose to minimize the risk of recurrence.The objective of the study was to determine nucleocytoplasmic correlation in the thyrocytes in the case of nodular types of goiter with recurrent and non-recurrent course and to compare findings obtained from histological and cytological specimens.Material and Methods. The histopathological method was used to examine the samples of postoperative recurrent nodular goiter, primary nodular goiter with a quick growth of nodes confirmed by ultrasonography findings, and primary nodular goiter with a slow growth of thyroid nodes diagnosed by means of USD, and thyroid tissue without pathology.Results. The area of nuclei in thyrocytes in the mean trends didn’t differ between study groups in any variant of pairwise comparison. The nucleocytoplasmic correlation was found to be statistically lower in all the main groups than that in with normal thyroid tissue in both histopathological preparations and in smears from thyroid punctures. Thus, in the group with relapse of nodular goiter it was 1,36 times as less, nodular goiter with quick growth - 1.28 and 1.22 times, respectively, and in the group with nodular goiter with slow growth - 1.46 and 1,05 times, respectively, compared with healthy thyroid tissue.Conclusions. The investigation determined that similar regularity occurs both in histological specimens and punctate smears from the thyroid gland – nucleocytoplasmic correlation in the thyroid cells decreases gradually in a line – the tissue of the normal thyroid gland, nodular/adenomatous goiter with slow growth, nodular/adenomatous goiter with quick growth, and relapse of nodular/adenomatous goiter. Though, quantitative data between histological and cytopathological specimens differ, the changes are of a constant character and enable to recommend histological and cytopathlogical examinations as quite equal.