Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the DNA damage in peripheral blood erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio under the binary exposure of bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos by using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). Limited efforts have been made to study the genotoxic effect for long duration period. Therefore, the present investigation was aimed to assess the genotoxicity of pesticide mixture to the freshwater carp, Cyprinus carpio at sub-lethal concentration exposure (33% LC50). At first 96-hr LC50 value of pesticide, the mixture was determined for Cyprinus carpio in a static system and then sub-lethal concentration was calculated and fish was exposed to this sub-lethal concentration of the mixture in glass aquaria for 70 days (five fortnights) at constant laboratory conditions. Peripheral blood erythrocytes were taken on a fortnightly basis for the time-dependent DNA damage assessment in-terms of percentage of damaged cells, genetic damage index and a cumulative tail length of comets. Concentration-dependent increase in the percentage of DNA damaged cells were observed up to a 4th fortnight, followed by a slight decrease in the 5th fortnight. Similarly, statistically significant time-dependent DNA damage was observed in terms of percentage of damaged cells, genetic damage index and a cumulative tail length of comets in treated fish (at 33% of LC50) as compared to control groups. The results supported the use of SCGE for evaluating the toxicity of pollutants which may be used as part of environmental monitoring programs.
Highlights
Pesticides, in particular, have received increasing attention given their suggested important role in the global loss of freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (Malaj et al, 2014; Ramussen et al, 2015) because pesticides of various groups are used indiscriminately against a number of pests in the field to increase crop yield
Dose and time-dependent genotoxicity in fish associated with pesticide exposure using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in fish erythrocytes is well documented (Nwani et al, 2010 and 2013; Pandey et al, 2011; Yong et al, 2011; Rani and Kumaraguru, 2013)
Arcaute et al (2014) observed that even acute exposure of herbicide can increase the frequency of primary DNA lesions in circulating blood cells of tropical fish estimated by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis
Summary
ISSN: 2706-9761 (Online), 2706-9753 (Print) https://esciencepress.net/journals/JZB NUCLEAR DAMAGE IN PERIPHERAL ERYTHROCYTES OF CYPRINUS CARPIO EXPOSED TO BINARY MIXTURE OF PESTICIDES aFaiza Ambreen*, bMuhammad Javed a Department of zoology, Government College women University, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan. b Department of Zoology, Wildlife & Fisheries, Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan.
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