Abstract
This experiment was conducted in order to assess the genotoxicity of commonly employed pesticides viz. chlorpyrifos, endosulfan and bifenthrin in the form of tertiary mixture on fish, Cyprinus carpio by using comet assay. At first, 96-hr LC50 was determined and then sublethal concentrations viz. 1/3rd, 1/4th, 1/5th and 1/6th were calculated. Cyprinus carpio exposed, separately, to aforementioned concentrations for a period of 30 days along with negative and positive control. Peripheral blood erythrocytes were sampled on day 15 and 30th of exposure for the estimation of DNA damage. Damage was determined in terms of percentage of damaged nuclei and genetic damage index. Statistically significant (P<0.05) effects were observed at various concentrations and time of exposure in stressed and control fish. DNA damage was found to be dose and time dependent with highest damage was observed at 1/3rd LC50 exposure as compared to control groups. Time dependent response was also observed in fish erythrocytes with induction of maximum DNA damage on day 30th of exposure. The current study of DNA damage caused by pesticides mixture may become a key indicator in assessing the general health of freshwater fish.
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