İnsanın Ontolojik İffet Anlayışına Dönüşü Bağlamında Mā Meleket Eymān

Abstract

The Qur'ān is an address/book that the forms of its age are formed in it. The mind-constructor language (in the sense of educating minds) of the Qur'ān reflects the phenomena of the society in which the revelation was descended and then attributes a divine value to this situation. With the series of these values it has uploaded, it gradually achieves the relevant subject to its goal. In order to realize the ideal society aimed by the divine word(kalām), this moral corruption that marginalized people had to be eliminated in the Meccan Arab society, where many distorted relationships were counted as "marriage" and concubines were forced into prostitution. However, it was not possible to eliminate all these distor-tions at once. Therefore, the Qur'ān followed a gradual path for the establishment of the society which is aimed. The phrase "mā malakat aymān (what you have under your hands)", which is our subject, has generally been handled with a fragmentary approach in the historical process without considering the process of "nuzūl" (descent of verses) and the "tadrīj" (graduality) required by that process. In particular, problems arose about how to understand the verses in the relevant Makki Sūrahs, and as a result, it was discussed whether or not to have intercourse with concubines without marriage. In this article, first of all, the situation of slaves and concubines in the pre-Islamic period will be mentioned, and then the perception of chastity, adultery and nikāh (marriage) will be examined. Afterward, how the expression of "mā malakat aymān" in the Meccan verses should be understood, what kind of changes happen in the meaning of Madinan verses which are in the same topic with the gradual method will be discussed. Also, it will dwell on the moral construction which has been achieved by revelation thanks to this method. With this point, the article differs from similar studies and discusses the topic from a different perspective. Additionally, what the comprehension of the expression "mā malakat aymān" might be today is among the issues that will be discussed. Finally, the final idea of the Qur'ān on the subject will be tried to be revealed within the framework of its integrity. Keywords: Tafsı̄r, Fitrat, Chastity, Mā ma-lakat aymān, Nikāh, Marriage.