Novel approach for effective removal of methylene blue dye from water using fava bean peel waste

Omar S Bayomie,Hu Yang,Mayyada M H El-Sayed,Tamer Shoeib,Noha Youssef,Haitham Kandeel

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64727-5

Abstract

Fava bean peels, Vicia faba (FBP) are investigated as biosorbents for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions through a novel and efficient sorption process utilizing ultrasonic-assisted (US) shaking. Ultrasonication remarkably enhanced sorption rate relative to conventional (CV) shaking, while maintaining the same sorption capacity. Ultrasonic sorption rate amounted to four times higher than its conventional counterpart at 3.6 mg/L initial dye concentration, 5 g/L adsorbent dose, and pH 5.8. Under the same adsorbent dose and pH conditions, percent removal ranged between 70–80% at the low dye concentration range (3.6–25 mg/L) and reached about 90% at 50 mg/L of the initial dye concentration. According to the Langmuir model, maximum sorption capacity was estimated to be 140 mg/g. A multiple linear regression statistical model revealed that adsorption was significantly affected by initial concentration, adsorbent dose and time. FBP could be successfully utilized as a low-cost biosorbent for the removal of MB from wastewater via US biosorption as an alternative to CV sorption. US biosorption yields the same sorption capacities as CV biosorption, but with significant reduction in operational times.

Highlights

Fava bean peels, Vicia faba (FBP) are investigated as biosorbents for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions through a novel and efficient sorption process utilizing ultrasonicassisted (US) shaking
As for pre-treated adsorbents, some of the highest maximum adsorption capacities (20–672 mg/g) were reported for walnut wood activated carbon treated with nitric acid[27], spent tea modified by NaOH28, sulfuric-acid activated cotton stalk[29], base-activated bamboo charcoal[30], HCl-activated oil palm fiber[31], and coconut husk activated carbon modified by KOH at 816 °C32, in addition to pre-treated peels such as oven-dried Artocarpus camansi peels[33], banana peels activated with NaOH34, jackfruit peel modified with microwave induced NaOH activation[35], and pomelo skin activated by NaOH using microwave heating[36]
The objective of the present study is to develop a viable and efficient biosorption process for the removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions using fava bean peels (FBP) as low-cost adsorbents

Summary

Introduction

Vicia faba (FBP) are investigated as biosorbents for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions through a novel and efficient sorption process utilizing ultrasonicassisted (US) shaking. Ultrasonic sorption rate amounted to four times higher than its conventional counterpart at 3.6 mg/L initial dye concentration, 5 g/L adsorbent dose, and pH 5.8. For studies that utilized untreated biosorbents, some of the highest maximum adsorption capacities reported (18–333 mg/g) pertained to cellulose- and lignin-based adsorbents such as chitin[19], rice straw lignin[20], wood cherry tree[14], wheat shells[21], as well as fruit peels of banana, orange and pineapple[22] in addition to biomass such as Aspergillus fumigatus[23] and Bacillus subtilis[24], and others like fly ash geopolymer[25], white pine sawdust[18], and Abelmoschus esculentus seeds[26]. As for pre-treated adsorbents, some of the highest maximum adsorption capacities (20–672 mg/g) were reported for walnut wood activated carbon treated with nitric acid[27], spent tea modified by NaOH28, sulfuric-acid activated cotton stalk[29], base-activated bamboo charcoal[30], HCl-activated oil palm fiber[31], and coconut husk activated carbon modified by KOH at 816 °C32, in addition to pre-treated peels such as oven-dried Artocarpus camansi peels[33], banana peels activated with NaOH34, jackfruit peel modified with microwave induced NaOH activation[35], and pomelo skin activated by NaOH using microwave heating[36]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion