Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the most common causes of non-cancer mortality in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) and compare their mortality risk with the general population.MethodologyThis study analyzed PAC patients’ data registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We studied the causes of death and investigated their association with age, sex, race, tumor stage at presentation, and treatment modality according to the time interval from diagnosis during which death events occurred. We used the standardized mortality ratio (SMR).ResultsA total of 67,694 PAC patients’ data were analyzed; of these patients, 64,347 (95.06%) died during the follow-up. Most deaths occurred due to cancer (61,685; 95.86% of deaths), while non-cancer mortality represented only 4.14%. The most common causes of non-cancer mortality were heart diseases (SMR = 2.79), cerebrovascular diseases (SMR = 3.11), and septicemia (SMR = 8.2). PAC patients had a higher mortality risk for all studied mortality causes except Alzheimer’s disease (SMR = 0.5) and homicide and legal intervention (SMR = 2.29).ConclusionsApproximately 96% of PAC patients’ deaths are due to cancer. While the dominant non-cancer causes of death include heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and septicemia, with a higher risk of mortality for most non-cancer causes than the general population.
Highlights
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), the primary cancer of the pancreas, is derived from the exocrine pancreatic cells and accounts for more than 90% of all pancreatic malignancies
We studied the causes of death and investigated their association with age, sex, race, tumor stage at presentation, and treatment modality according to the time interval from diagnosis during which death events occurred
Heart diseases represented the most dominant non-cancer cause of mortality (843; 1.31%) (SMR = 2.79; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = 2.6-2.98), followed by cerebrovascular diseases (212; 0.33%) (SMR = 3.11; 95% CI = 2.71-3.56), and septicemia (140; 0.22%) (SMR = 8.2; 95% CI = 6.9-9.68)
Summary
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), the primary cancer of the pancreas, is derived from the exocrine pancreatic cells and accounts for more than 90% of all pancreatic malignancies. According to GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates, it is the eleventh most common cancer and the fourth most frequent cause of cancer mortality worldwide with a five-year overall survival rate of approximately 6% [1,2,3]. PAC accounts for 90% of cancers and is the most common. These tumors usually start in the ducts and are called ductal carcinoma. This study aimed to identify the most common causes of non-cancer mortality in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) and compare their mortality risk with the general population
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