NOISE PROTECTION PRINCIPLES OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

Abstract

According to the results of scientific research, it was established that the noise generated by vehicles has a negative impact on people's health, therefore, effective solutions in the field of construction and planning are needed to reduce the noise load on residential areas. Usually, noise is produced by the movement of cars, their engines and road surfaces. Noise can have a negative impact on people's health, leading to stress, sleep problems, impaired concentration and other physical and psychological health problems. The most important noise protection principles are the selection of a suitable place for the construction of a road, the use of special geometric solutions that can help reduce the noise load on the surrounding areas, and the installation of soundproof barriers. A fairly effective means of combating the noise load from the highway is the installation of noise protection screens along the highway. They can be made of different materials, different in structural and geometric perspective. It has been studied that the most effective way to protect rural areas from traffic noise is the construction of screen houses along transport highways. According to the data, the noise level behind such buildings decreases to 23 dBA compared to the noise level on the transport highway itself. A noise map is used to determine the noise level in built-up areas as a whole and in individual sections of microdistricts, which is a graphical representation of sound pressure level curves plotted on a plan diagram. These maps make it possible to estimate the reduction of the noise level with distance from the transport highway.