ARCHITECTURAL AND LANDSCAPE SOLUTIONS TO PROTECT THE TERRITORY FROM TRAFFIC NOISE ALONG TRANSPORT HIGHWAYS

Abstract

Based on the review of research works, it was established that the noise load from moving transport units affects the health of people, which requires the development of effective design and planning solutions to reduce the noise load on residential areas. It was established that the noise-absorbing structure consisting of a metal sheet and sheet glass has high acoustic properties. Because glass absorbs sound energy in a wide range of frequencies, and what is especially important – even in the low frequency range. At the same time, the acoustic properties do not depend on the influence of the environment: dust, snow and moisture. The entire structure of the screen has high soundproofing properties. The combination of both these properties (sound-absorbing and sound-insulating) enables this screen to effectively protect residents of residential buildings from traffic noise. It has been established that architectural and landscape solutions to protect areas from noise pollution from vehicles significantly reduce the noise level. A significant reduction in the noise load is observed behind the house. However, the use of architectural and planning methods for noise protection are not always effective methods of protecting residential areas from noise pollution. Since there are areas where buildings have already been built, or are being built, without taking into account noise. In addition, the area of land plots in urban conditions is limited, which sometimes prevents the full implementation of architectural and landscape solutions. It has been established that the most effective ways to protect agricultural land from traffic noise are the construction of screen houses along transport highways. The amount of noise behind the house decreases to 23 dBA compared to the noise level on the transport highway. Noise maps are used to identify the noise regime in the built-up area as a whole and in individual sections of microdistricts, which are curves of equal levels plotted on the plan diagram, they characterize the decrease in noise level when moving away from the highway.