Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization liberation of mulching soybean crop in the yield corn of-season. The sowed was the corn hybrid Land® in date 01/26/2017, of mulching soybean crop experiment, in Sinop-MT, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications with teen treatments. The treatments were: control without N application (only inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum e B. elkanii) and the other treatments was applied the dose of 10 kg ha-1 of N in different phenological stages and modes of application (the cover in the sowing; in V2 the haul in coverage; in V2 via leaf; in V4 the haul in coverage; in V4 via leaf; at R1 the coverage haul; in R1 via leaf; in R2 the cover and R2 in the leaf). The traits components of the yield analyzed were: number of rows of grain, number of grains per rows, the thousand-grain weight and yield grains. The mineralization of the nitrogen provenient of mulch the soybean crop is not sufficiency for corn off-season crop. The application of nitrogen in the stages V2 and R1 in coverage in the soybean predecessor crop provided the highest values to yield grains of the maize off-season crop.
Highlights
The State of Mato Grosso stands out in the production of grain corn, under second crop climate environmental conditions (“safrinha”) in succession mainly after the early soybean crop
Among the nutrients present in soybean straw used by second crop corn, nitrogen stands out, which is the nutrient most demanded in greater quantity by both crops
The corn crop responds to high doses of this nutrient, and it is recommended to use cover crops such as crotalaria and crotalaria + millet as predecessors associated with the application of 120 kg ha-1 in cover, which increases production costs (Kappes et al, 2013)
Summary
The State of Mato Grosso stands out in the production of grain corn, under second crop climate environmental conditions (“safrinha”) in succession mainly after the early soybean crop. Mato Grosso is responsible for almost 40.5% of corn production under second crop conditions in Brazil (CONAB, 2017). Corn cultivation Second crop in succession early soybean cultivation is a common practice in the state of Mato Grosso, which allows intensive use of soil, labor, farm machinery, and promotes the rotation / succession of legumes with grasses, while maintaining mulch in the soil, with reductions in pests and diseases for crops. The corn crop responds to high doses of this nutrient, and it is recommended to use cover crops such as crotalaria and crotalaria + millet as predecessors associated with the application of 120 kg ha-1 in cover, which increases production costs (Kappes et al, 2013). In the decision making of the use of nitrogen fertilization should be considered: the cropping system (direct sowing), sowing time (second crop), crop rotation and nitrogen sources, among others, emphasizing that the application recommendations of N should be specific and not generalized (Chagas et al, 2007)
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