New Forms of Coal Industry Management

Abstract

Introduction Forms of coal industry management in the Russian Federation were changed with change of state and economic structure. Up to 1992, centralized management was used, while in 1994-2001 there was intense privatization of coal-mining and related enterprises (infrastructure). At present, cooperation of state and coal enterprises is based on the mechanism of public-private partnership, the foundations of which are set in the Long-term program of development of coal industry of Russia until 2030, adopted by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2014 No. 1099-r [Long-term program of development, 2014]. As in the previous form of the program (adopted in 2012), perspectives of development of the Russian coal industry are connected to realization of the mechanism of public-private partnership (PPP). Thus, PPP is considered the main form of management of coal sphere of industry both at federal and regional levels [Parfentsev, 2012]. Public-private partnership is understood as coordination of long-term interests of state and business, combination of efforts of state and business, and division of responsibility and risks. Materials and methods Issues of development of potential of public-private partnership, including the sphere of territorial socio-economic development, are studies in works of Zhikharevich B., Khusnutdinov S., Shvetsov A., S. Tyaglov, Chumachkov D.V., V.G. Varnavskiy, M B. Gerrard, L.I. Efimova, A.G. Zeldner, V.A. Malygin, V.N. Molchalnikov, A.V. Runov, A.A. Smakhtin, A.A. Komisarova, A.N. Dulin, etc. Among foreign scientists, which contributed a lot into development of methodological foundations of study of relations of public-private partnership and their influence on the development of national economies, are A. Atkinson, J. Buchanan, J. Galbraith, J.M. Keynes, F. List. K. McConnell, W. Eucken, J. Stieglitz, G. Tullock, etc. Peculiarities of public-private partnership in coal industry are studies in the works of S.V. Parfentsev, S.V. Smakhtina, M.A. Komisarova, A.N. Dulin, etc. Main part According to the program document, main interests of state should be connected to realization of long-term state energy policy and conform to the Concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2020. According to the Program's authors, interests of business should be related to provision of economic effectiveness of operational activities and investment attractiveness of coal industries, with internal goals of company being maximization of profit and preservation of internal and external market. State's responsibilities include: improvement of regulatory basis of production functioning, including its modernization, provision of control and favorable investment climate. The sphere of responsibility of business includes: initiation and realization of projects, related to modernization of production; provision of necessary level of industrial safety, labor safety, and performance of social responsibilities. Analysis of the results of implementation of PPP's mechanism shows that state performs decisive influence on such spheres as [Tkacheva et al., 2015]: --formation of markets, including issues of pricing policy; --development and use of various forms of state support; --formation of social and investment environment; --development of science and education. The state performs functions of development of long-term landmarks for development of related spheres, including electrical energetics, gas industry, and transport, and controls the issues of regional socio-economic development and rational fuel and energy balances. An important function of the state is implementation of anticrisis measures--for example, subsidizing a part of interest rate for investment loans, refinancing of debt liabilities, and performance of the programs for support for coal mono-cities. …