Abstract
Correspondence: Theo de Witte Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein-Zuid, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. E-mail: T.deWitte@ncmls.ru.nl SUMMARY Intensive chemotherapy regimens with or without stem cell transplantation are the current standard treatment in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The identification of new mutations in AML may provide the basis for a more targeted therapeutic approach. In one or several genetic subsets, some new drugs, as single drug or in combination with standard antileukemic drugs, demonstrated promising results. Typical examples are tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as dasatinib for f c-Kit mutated core binding factor positive AML or FLT-3 inhibitors, such as midostaurin or sorafenib, in cases with FLT-3 mutations. Clofarabine is a second generation hybrid purine nucleoside analogue: standard induction regimens containing clofarabine provided a high remission rates in patients with intermediate and high risk AML. In patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy, treatment with hypomethilating agents is widely used. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody conjugated to calicheamicin, has shown significant antileukemic activity in older patients with relapsed AML. New drugs in acute myeloid leukemia
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