Abstract

The emission of metal ions from liquid point anodes is now well known. Less well known is the fact that metal atoms are also emitted and, further, that the metal atoms often constitute a major fraction of the total emitted mass. This paper reviews the experimental evidence for atomic emission and concludes that neutrals are emitted in two ways. Surprisingly, metal vapour accounts for a negligibly small proportion of the total mass transport. The principal fraction of the mass transport is released in the form of sub-micron charged droplets whose diameters range down to ∼20 Å.

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