Abstract
Neurotransmitter molecules are of critical importance in biology. From regulating our every heartbeat to our understanding of the world around us, they truly represent molecules of power. In this article, we provide an overview of our current knowledge and understanding of neurotransmitters. We discuss the neurotransmitter hypothesis in the context of its evolution throughout history. We analyze in greater detail some of the major transmitter molecules with respect to their mechanism of synthesis, action, and regulation. The list includes acetylcholine, epinephrine/norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, histamine, glutamic acid, γ-amino butyric acid, glycine, peptides, the unusual amino acid d-serine, and finally the gases nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
Published Version
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