Neuroprotective and anti-oxidant effects of caffeic acid isolated from Erigeron annuus leaf

Chang-Ho Jeong,Uk Lee,Ho Jin Heo,Dae-Ok Kim,Hee Rok Jeong,Gwi Nam Choi

doi:10.1186/1749-8546-6-25

Chang-Ho Jeong, Uk Lee + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-8546-6-25

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Abstract

BackgroundSince oxidative stress has been implicated in a neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), natural antioxidants are promising candidates of chemopreventive agents. This study examines antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of various fractions of the methanolic extract of Erigeron annuus leaf and identifies active compounds of the extract.MethodsAntioxidant activities of the fractions from Erigeron annuus leaf were examined with [2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenz thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt)] (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Neuroprotective effect of caffeic acid under oxidative stress induced by H2O2 was investigated with [3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays.ResultsThis study demonstrated that butanol fraction had the highest antioxidant activity among all solvent fractions from methanolic extract E. annuus leaf. Butanol fraction had the highest total phenolic contents (396.49 mg of GAE/g). Caffeic acid, an isolated active compound from butanol fraction, showed dose-dependent in vitro antioxidant activity. Moreover, neuronal cell protection against oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity was also demonstrated.ConclusionErigeron annuus leaf extracts containing caffeic acid as an active compound have antioxidative and neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells.

Highlights

Since oxidative stress has been implicated in a neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), natural antioxidants are promising candidates of chemopreventive agents
All materials used in this study were purchased from Sigma Chemical (USA), including 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenz thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt) [(NH4)2ABTS], potassium persulfate, 2,4,6-tripyridyl-S-triazine (TPTZ), vitamin C, thiobarbituric acid, ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), penicillin, streptomycin, 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA), 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay kit and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit
Total phenolics and antioxidant activities of various fractions of the methanolic extract of E. annuus Expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), the total phenolics in various solvent fractions of the methanolic extract of E. annuus were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method [20]

Summary

Introduction

Since oxidative stress has been implicated in a neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), natural antioxidants are promising candidates of chemopreventive agents. This study examines antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of various fractions of the methanolic extract of Erigeron annuus leaf and identifies active compounds of the extract. Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Due to the reaction between ROS and macromolecules, generation of ROS can lead to damage or death of cells in various tissues [1]. Brain tissue is most vulnerable to oxidative stress due to its high glucose metabolism rate and low antioxidant defense enzyme level [2]. Natural antioxidants are promising candidates of chemopreventive agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), cerebral ischemia and Parkinson’s disease (PD) [3].

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