Abstract
To investigate the level of NANOG mRNA in tumor tissue of patients with PC and to analyze the possibility of its use as a marker of the disease course. The study involved 85patients with PC of stages II-IV. Morphological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on serial paraffin sections of resected PC using monoclonal antibodies to Ki-67and androgen receptor. NANOG and miR-214mRNA expression in tumor cells was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The identification of CSCs was performed by double-labeled immunohistochemical method using primary antibodies to CD24and CD44. We have revealed notable variability of NANOG mRNA levels in tumor tissue of patients with PC (mean 4.18 ± 0.65a.u. with individual deviations from 0.11 ± 0.03a.u. to 15.24 ± 0.36a.u.). According to NANOG mRNA levels, two groups of the PC patients were delineated: group 1and group 2, with the average NANOG mRNA levels of 2.12 ± 0.16a.u., and 8.68 ± 1.24a.u., respectively. The NANOG mRNA levels in tumor tissue of PC patients of groups 1and 2correlated with preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (r = 0.58; p < 0.05and r = 0.64;p < 0.05, respectively), tumor volume (r=0.42; p <0.05and r = 0.72; p < 0.05, respectively), regional lymph node metastases (r = 0.70; p < 0.05and r = 0.75; p < 0.05, respectively). High NANOG mRNA levels in tumor cells were associated with such molecular and biological features of PC as androgen receptor expression (r = 0.52; p < 0.05), high proliferative activity (r = 0.60; p < 0.05) and the presence of CSC markers (r = 0.75; p < 0.05). The findings indicate that NANOG is involved in the formation of the PC malignancy and should be further studied as a potential marker for the prediction of the disease course.
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