Abstract
Wastewater treatment is now becoming a worldwide concern nowadays. Nano-sized materials (size ranging between 1 and 100 nm) have been used to remove various pollutants present in water and thus, extensively used in wastewater treatment. This review reveals the potential role of nanomaterials in the removal of contaminants present in water. Variety of nanomaterials (in form of nanoparticles such as carbon based nanoparticles, and various metal nanoparticles) possesses numerous physical and chemical properties and also these are helpful in wastewater treatment which includes (i) larger surface area as compared to traditionally formed nanoparticles; (ii) Presence of various functional groups which further enhance their activity towards the specific compounds and (iii) Exhibit high selectivity recyclable groups for reducing the toxic elements and ions present in effluent. Moreover, nanomaterials are effective transformations used in the purification water as nano-adsorbents. This literature survey portrayed the use of nanomaterials for the removal of various types of pollutants from industrial wastewater. The major aim of this review is to focus on recent advances in the various fields of emergent nanomaterials used in removing various harmful pollutants of water present in form of metals, dyes etc. for the betterment of the environment and humans.
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