Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising frontier in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance crop productivity and sustainability. Nano fertilizers, a key application of nanotechnology in agriculture, hold immense potential to revolutionize nutrient delivery and efficiency in crop production systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of nano fertilizers, highlighting their synthesis methods, mechanisms of action, and potential applications in modern agriculture. Nano fertilizers capitalize on nanoscale materials to encapsulate, deliver, and release nutrients to plants in a controlled and targeted manner. By enhancing nutrient solubility, facilitating nutrient uptake, and minimizing nutrient losses, nano fertilizers offer several advantages over traditional fertilizer formulations. Additionally, nano fertilizers can mitigate environmental risks associated with nutrient leaching and runoff, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Despite their promising benefits, the commercialization and adoption of nano fertilizers face various challenges and considerations. Safety concerns, regulatory frameworks, environmental impact assessments, and scalability issues are among the critical factors that influence the widespread implementation of nano fertilizers in agricultural systems. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration, robust regulatory oversight, and stakeholder engagement to ensure the responsible development and deployment of nano-enabled agricultural technologies. This paper reviews recent advancements and research trends in nano fertilizer technology, highlighting key achievements, ongoing research endeavors, and future directions in this rapidly evolving field. By elucidating the opportunities and challenges associated with nano fertilizers, this paper aims to inform researchers, policymakers, industry stakeholders, and agricultural practitioners about the transformative potential of nanotechnology in modern agriculture.
Published Version
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