气候变暖背景下秦岭陕西段植被潜在分布区格局变化

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 气候变暖背景下秦岭陕西段植被潜在分布区格局变化 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112103506 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 陕西省哲学社会科学重大理论与现实问题研究项目（2022ND0284）；陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究计划青年项目（2021JQ-768） Changes of vegetation potential distribution pattern in the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province in the context of climate warming Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:植被分布在一定程度上受控于气候因子，在气候变化背景下，利用生物气候指标研究地带性植被的潜在分布区格局变化对于区域生态系统应对气候变化具有有益的参考价值。从生态气候学角度出发，利用植被热量指标--有效温暖指数（EWI），研究1959-2020年以及未来气候模式下秦岭山地陕西段植被潜在分布格局的变化。结果表明：（1）气候变暖导致植被热量指标发生变化，近62年来，秦岭山地陕西段EWI总体呈上升趋势，并于2001年发生上升突变。（2）基于EWI对秦岭陕西段植被类型的潜在分布区划分发现，2001年以前秦岭北坡无暖温带落阔常绿混交林的分布区，2001年后秦岭北坡渭河东部出现了该植被类型的潜在分布区。（3）随着气候变暖，秦岭陕西段暖温带植被潜在分布区不断扩张，而温带、寒温带以及高寒植被分布区持续缩减，同时各植被类型分布区的平均海拔高度均呈上移趋势。从面积及海拔变化幅度来看，秦岭南坡较北坡植被对气候变化更为敏感，高海拔区较低海拔区植被对气候变化更为敏感。（4）在代表性浓度路径4.5及8.5（RCP4.5及RCP8.5）情景下，未来50年，秦岭南北坡均将可能出现亚热带常绿阔叶林潜在分布区，亚热带常绿阔叶林以及暖温带落阔常绿混交林将可能代替暖温带落叶阔叶林发展为秦岭山地分布区面积最大的植被类型。 Abstract:Vegetation patterns are controlled by climate factors to some extent. In the context of climate change, the study of the change of vegetation potential distribution pattern by using bioclimatic index is of useful reference value for regional ecosystem response to climate change. From the perspective of eco-climatology, this paper studied the changes of vegetation potential distribution pattern in the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province from 1959 to 2020 and future climate model by using vegetation heat index which named effective warming index (EWI). The results showed that:(1) Climate warming led to the change of vegetation heat index, and the EWI of Qinling Mountain showed an increasing trend in the past 62 years, and increased abruptly in 2001. (2) Based on the EWI classification of the potential distribution of vegetation types in the Qinling Mountains, there was no warm-temperate evergreen broadleaved mixed forest on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains before 2001, and the potential distribution of this type of vegetation appeared in the eastern Weihe River after the 21 century. (3) With the warming of the climate, the potential distribution areas of warm temperate vegetation continued to expand in the Qinling Mountains, while the suitable areas of temperate, cold temperate and alpine vegetation continued to shrink, and the elevation of the potential distribution areas of each vegetation type showed an upward trend. In terms of area and altitude variation, the vegetation on the southern slope was more sensitive to climate change than that on the northern slope, and the vegetation on the high altitude was more sensitive to climate change than that on the low altitude. (4) Under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest and warm temperate mixed evergreen broadleaved forest may replace warm temperate deciduous broadleaved forest and develop into the largest vegetation type in the mountainous area of the Qinling Mountains in the next 50 years. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献