Mycoparasitic nature of Egyptian Trichoderma isolates and their impact on suppression Fusarium wilt of tomato

A M Nofal,T M Abdelghany,Mahmoud Abd El-Mongy,Mohamed Abd El-Rahman

doi:10.1186/s41938-021-00450-1

A M Nofal, T M Abdelghany + Show 2 more

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00450-1

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Abstract

BackgroundPlant disease administration is difficult due to the soil-borne nature of the phytopathogens. Biological control of plant disease is a safe mode to avoid the problems related to fungal diseases that affect crops productivity.ResultsTwenty-three Trichoderma isolates were isolated from soil, surrounding healthy tomato roots from different regions in the Egyptian Governorate of Menoufia. Using a dual culture method to test the efficiency of Trichoderma isolates, the most effective isolate identified as Trichoderma atrovirde with percentage inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (92.11%) and scanning electron microscope examination documented the mycoparasitic nature of T. atrovirde to F. oxysporum. Treatments with 10% filtrate T. atrovirde improved the growth aspects of tomato plants than the control plants or infected only, as well as the increase in phenol content (15.09 ug. g-1dry weight) and decreased disease incidence percentage (8%) than the plants infected only (60%).ConclusionsThis study clearly demonstrated that T. atrovirde had a significant inhibition against F. oxysporum. Greenhouse assays displayed the protective role of T. atrovirde inoculation directly against pathogen or indirectly related to the defense mechanism in the plant. So, this study recommends using T. atrovirde for biological control of wilt disease in tomato plants.

Highlights

Plant disease administration is difficult due to the soil-borne nature of the phytopathogens
Purification, and diagnosis of the causative agent of wilt disease The causative agent of wilt disease was isolated from diseased tomato roots collected from various regions of the governorate of Elmenofya (Shebin El Kom, Kafr Dawood, and Bader) and described according to the morphological and microscopic characteristics
Control plants showed no symptoms, while the inoculated plants indicated that all isolates were pathogenic, resulting in typical wilt disease symptoms (Fig. 2) from isolates, Shebin El Kom (F1) isolate F. oxysporum reported the highest disease incidence (DI) (60%) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Plant disease administration is difficult due to the soil-borne nature of the phytopathogens. Biological control of plant disease is a safe mode to avoid the problems related to fungal diseases that affect crops productivity. Fusarium oxysporum is the causative agent of Fusarium wilt which has proved to be the most destructive disease affecting a wide variety of plants including weeds and commercially domesticated plants and crops. F. oxysporum is essential and a variety of pathogenic plant fungus (Anjul et al 2017). Biological control is an important manner of control the disease for phytopathogenic fungi, for soil-borne pathogens. The most abused biocontrol agents are the species of Trichoderma (Shrinkhala et al 2019). Soil-borne plant pathogens controlled by using Trichoderma have been reported for biological control (Mohamed et al 2020). With the application of various species of Trichoderma, remarkable decreases in

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