MОUNIRA MAYA CHARRAD (NEW TRENDS IN HISTORICAL SCIENCE THROUGH THE PRISM OF PERSONALITY)

Abstract

In this article, the author analyzes new trends in historical science in the United States, which, during the period indicated in the article, developed on the basis of an interdisciplinary synthesis of existing methods of historical analysis with sociological ones. This trend passes through the prism of the scientific activities of the professor of the Department of Sociology at the University of Texas at Austin, Mounira Maya Sharad, a researcher in the field of political sociology, comparative historical sociology, social theory and gender politics in the countries of the Islamic world. The article contains an analysis of the initial period of the formation of Mounira as a scientist, who is a prominent representative of the postcolonial Tunisian intelligentsia, defines the vector of her scientific search for the traditional social structure of the Tunisian village and the status of Islamic women. Particular attention is paid to the influence of processes in American sociological science on the further professional activities of Mounira Charrad. Since the 1970s last century, historical sociology becomes the main vector of Mounira's study of social phenomena in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa and their typology, first of all, by the methods of comparative analysis, that is, by the method of corporate history.Mounira Charrad's study of the status of Islamic women was carried out in the context of "women's history", which was a significant area of new social history in the United States. The focus of these studies was on the history of the legal system in the Maghreb countries and the differences between the family law systems of Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco were shown. A qualitatively new stage in the study of women in the Islamic world was Mounira's use of the methodology of gender-historical analysis developed by representatives of the American school of women's history. Mounira Charrad publishes a number of works in which she analyses the evolution and impact of public policy on gender in the Islamic world. The fundamental monograph by Mounira Charad “States and Women's Rights. The Making of Postcolonial Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco”, which has received worldwide recognition among the scientific community, is a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the state structures of the Maghreb countries with tribal, ethnic formations, primarily in the context of the legal system. The scientific activity of Mounira Charrad reflects the main new trends in American historical science of the last third of the XX - beginning of the XXI century.