Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes-CeO2 Nanorods: A “Nanonetwork” Modified Electrode for Detecting Trace Rifampicin

Na Zhang,Mariela Brites Helu,Hu Yin,Aidong Fang,Xia Fang,Jinmin Chen,Shangshang Ma,Cong Wang,Keying Zhang

doi:10.3390/nano10020391

Abstract

Herein, a “nanonetwork” modified electrode was fabricated based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and CeO2 nanorods. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and zeta potential were employed to characterize this electrode. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes negatively charged and CeO2 nanorods positively charged form “nanonetwork” via electrostatic interaction. The performance of the CeO2 nanorods-based electrode remarkably improved due to the introduction of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The detection of rifampicin (RIF) was used as a model system to probe this novel electrode. The results showed a significant electrocatalytic activity for the redox reaction of RIF. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to detect rifampicin, the reduction peak current of rifampicin linear with the logarithm of their concentrations in the range of 1.0 × 10−13–1.0 × 10−6 mol/L, The linear equation is ip = 6.72 + 0. 46lgc, the detect limit is 3.4 × 10−14 mol/L (S/N = 3). Additionally, the modified electrode exhibits enduring stability, excellent reproducibility, and high selectivity. This strategy can be successfully used to detect trace rifampicin in samples with satisfactory results.

Highlights

Rifampicin (RIF) (3-{[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)imino]methyl}rifamycin), a bactericidal agent, is an important antibiotic drug that is often used to prevent the development of clinical tuberculosis [1]
The results indicate that the “nanonetwork” increases the electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation and reduction of RIF
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were obtained by Hitachi S-3000N (Japan Hitachi Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan); X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) measurements were performed on a Japan Shimadzu XRD-6000 diffractometer (Jiangsu, China) with Cu-Kα radiation (λ = 0.15418 nm) and a scanning rate of 0.05 deg. s−1; Zeta potentials were measured on a Nano-Z Zetasizer (Malvern Panalytical, Shanghai, China); Electrochemical measurements were carried out using CHI660A electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) with a three-electrode system (Nano-network” Modified Electrode as working electrode, platinum wire as the counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as reference electrode)

Summary

Introduction

Rifampicin (RIF) (3-{[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)imino]methyl}rifamycin), a bactericidal agent, is an important antibiotic drug that is often used to prevent the development of clinical tuberculosis [1]. It has important applications in biological and pharmaceutical fields. Recent research demonstrates its efficiency in treating serious infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cancer [2]. RIF is mainly metabolized in the liver through deacetylation and excreted in bile together with its metabolites [3]. RIF must be used with caution in the treatment of patients with liver diseases. The development of more sensitive methods to detect RIF in pharmaceutical products and biological fluids is highly desired

Methods

Results

Conclusion