Abstract
Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are considered a promising cell population for cell-based or cell-free therapy and tissue engineering because of their proliferative, multipotency and immunomodulator. Based on recent studies, we find that SHEDs show the superior ability of nerve regeneration in addition to the potential of osteogenesis, odontogenesis owing to their derivation from the neural crest. Besides, much evidence suggests that SHEDs have a paracrine effect and can function as immunomodulatory regents attributing to their capability of secreting cytokines and extracellular vesicles. Here, we review the characteristic of SHEDs, their multipotency to regenerate damaged tissues, specifically concentrating on bones or nerves, following the paracrine activity or immunomodulatory benefits of their potential for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
Highlights
Stem cells isolated from the pulp in exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are one of the dental mesenchymal cells derived from cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) [1]
Since 2003, it has been shown that SHEDs express several different neuro-glial cell markers in the growth medium, such as nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament medium-chain (NFM), 2’,3’cyclic nucleotide-3’-phosphodiesterase (CNPase), βIII-tubulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN), indicating the embryonic neural crest origin of SHEDs
After inductive neural culture in neurobasal media containing B27 supplement, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor, expression levels of neuronal markers including βIII-tubulin, GAD, and NeuN were increased, which meant that SHEDs differentiated into neurons [47,48,49]
Summary
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Reviewed by: Yan Liu, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, China Takehito Ouchi, Tokyo Dental College, Japan. Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth. Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are considered a promising cell population for cell-based or cell-free therapy and tissue engineering because of their proliferative, multipotency and immunomodulator. We find that SHEDs show the superior ability of nerve regeneration in addition to the potential of osteogenesis, odontogenesis owing to their derivation from the neural crest. We review the characteristic of SHEDs, their multipotency to regenerate damaged tissues, concentrating on bones or nerves, following the paracrine activity or immunomodulatory benefits of their potential for clinical application in regenerative medicine
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