Multiple Traumatic Fat Embolism with Aortic Dissection III A Case Report

Abstract

Multiple trauma refers to the severe injury of multiple body parts caused by a single injury factor, occurring simultaneously or consecutively. This condition leads to numerous tissue injuries, significant organ damage, and high mortality rates. Fat embolism syndrome, on the other hand, is a clinical condition marked by the presence of fat droplets in the bloodstream, resulting in a range of symptoms and signs. The most prevalent manifestations include ecchymotic rash, respiratory distress, and neurological dysfunction. In intensive care units (ICUs), routine CT scans are essential, particularly chest CTs, which often reveal a diffuse distribution of ground glass opacity shadows. In more extensive cases, “snowstorm”-like changes may be observed. Traumatic aortic injuries frequently manifest as scissor force injuries at the aortic isthmus, with the majority of cases occurring in this region. However, other aortic injuries typically occur at the aortic hiatus and the origins of major vessels. Instances where both fat embolism and traumatic aortic dissection III occur concurrently due to multiple trauma are exceptionally rare.