Multi-objective operation of interconnected multi-energy systems considering power to gas and gas to power systems

Abstract

This paper proposes a cooperative multiple-objective approach for the sustainable economic scheduling of networked energy systems to simultaneously optimize the cost of energy and groundwater extraction from underground sources. The suggested strategy enables networked energy hubs to exchange electricity for greater financial gain. Various energy hubs collaborate to maximize gain that is fairly allocated among the hubs to guarantee the coalition's economic stability, according to the collaborative game theory. The coalition achieves its best gain through collaboration and payoff, which is equally and regularly divided among the hubs, according to the Shapley value. The suggested model takes into account a networked system with hubs connected to various types of energy, including electrical and natural gas, renewable energy sources, electrical, and thermal energy storages, combined heat and power units, and gas boilers, cooling, hydrogen, and water systems to meet demands. The numerical results show that the suggested cooperative approach reduces the cost function of the system by 12.71%. The self-discharging rate of battery storage devices can increase the cost function by $ 7.65. Also, the sensitivity analysis on the battery storage sizes demonstrated that they can reduce the total cost of the system by $ 15.65.