Abstract
Due to their good magnetic properties, excellent biocompatibility, and low price, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are the most commonly used magnetic nanomaterials and have been extensively explored in biomedical applications. Although magnetic IONPs can be used for a variety of applications in biomedicine, most practical applications require IONP-based platforms that can perform several tasks in parallel. Thus, appropriate engineering and integration of magnetic IONPs with different classes of organic and inorganic materials can produce multifunctional nanoplatforms that can perform several functions simultaneously, allowing their application in a broad spectrum of biomedical fields. This review article summarizes the fabrication of current composite nanoplatforms based on integration of magnetic IONPs with organic dyes, biomolecules (e.g., lipids, DNAs, aptamers, and antibodies), quantum dots, noble metal NPs, and stimuli-responsive polymers. We also highlight the recent technological advances achieved from such integrated multifunctional platforms and their potential use in biomedical applications, including dual-mode imaging for biomolecule detection, targeted drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and magnetic hyperthermia therapy.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted substantial scientific attention because they offer novel structural, optical, and electronic properties that are distinct from those of individual molecules or bulk materials
We focus on the progress in current progress in current composite NPs based on the integration of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with difcomposite NPs based on the integration of magnetic IONPs with different classes of organic ferent classes of organic and inorganic materials
IONPs conjugated with DNA aptamers (Ap-SiMNPs) can efficiently remove toxic serum albumin prefibrillar amyloid aggregates (AA20) as a potential method to overcome complications related to diabetes [34]
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted substantial scientific attention because they offer novel structural, optical, and electronic properties that are distinct from those of individual molecules or bulk materials. The capacity of NPs to generate magnetic fields and influence their local environment has led to their use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques [6,7] Their capacity to be manipulated via an external magnetic field makes them attractive candidates for use as drug-delivery vehicles and in cell separation/purification and cell tracking [8,9]. Their capacity to produce heat when subjected to an oscillating magnetic field makes them suitable as antitumor therapeutic agents [7,9] Due to their good magnetic properties, excellent biocompatibility, and low cast, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are the most commonly used magnetic nanomaterials and have been extensively explored in a wide range of fields, including biomedical, sensing, environmental science, energy storage, and electronic devices [5,6,8,10].
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