Abstract
A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed reconfigurable antenna with pattern diversity using multi-port excitation is designed. The basic antenna consists of a circular patch of radius 2.5mm which is fed by four ports independently. By exciting the patch with each individual port, the direction of the radiation pattern changes by 900. With the use of CPW feed technique, a very wide impedance bandwidth of around 12GHz (21.65 – 33.87 GHz) covering the K-band and Ka-band is achieved. The proposed antenna can be used for different satellite communication applications like earth exploration, radio navigation and location, mobile satellite communications which comes under K-band and Ka-band. The measured return loss and pattern characteristic results are in good agreement with simulated ones.
Highlights
The concept of reconfigurable antennas was born to satisfy the increasing demands of wireless environment
Pattern diversity antennas are designed with conventional microstrip feeding structures but this paper proposes coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed because of its many advantages such as; reduction in radiation loss, improved bandwidth, easy surface mounting of active and passive devices, reduced cross talk effects between adjacent lines because of ground plane between any two adjacent lines, simplified fabrication [8]
The radiation characteristics of the basic circular patch are determined by the electric or magnetic current distributions on the radiating structure which in turn are responsible for Figure 3: 3D radiation pattern of the proposed pattern diversity antenna at (a) 26.7GHz (b) 26.9GHz (c) 27.49GHz (d) 27.45GHz
Summary
The concept of reconfigurable antennas was born to satisfy the increasing demands of wireless environment. Smart systems such as Software Defined Radio (SDR), Cognitive Radio, adaptive multiple-input multiple-output communication systems use different reconfiguration schemes to adapt to changing system requirements like physical link conditions which improves the system performance by providing the robustness to varying channel conditions. In a rich scattered wireless environment, an antenna that directs the main beam with increased gain to the desired coverage area while suppressing the unwanted beam in other directions, is required This type of antennas mitigates the multi-path interference and allows higher rate of data transmission in a given band that enhances the spectral efficiency and improves the communication link performance because of the adaptive patterns it provides
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