Abstract
Chomsky states that language is a mirror of the mind. From that opinion, he creates a concept which is known as competence and performance. Competence is the fluent native speaker’s knowledge of his language; meanwhile, performance is what people actually say or understand by what someone else says on a given situation. Chomsky adds that there are two structures involved in constructing a sentence namely, Deep Structure and Surface Structure. A sentence always derives from Deep Structure which exists in the mind of speakers. Then, syntactic rules will be applied to the Deep Structure. After applying the rules, Surface Structure will be obtained. The syntactic rules applied in a sentence are Movement Transformation, Deletion Transformation, and Substitution Transformation. However, the main discussion in this article is Movement Transformation. This article will elaborate some types of movement transformation in constructing English sentences.
Highlights
One of the characteristics of language is that language is systematic.Here, systematic means that language is based on rules or methods
Deep Structure will show the meaning intended by the speakers
Transformational Grammar is a method of grammar proposed by Noam Chomsky
Summary
One of the characteristics of language is that language is systematic. Here, systematic means that language is based on rules or methods. Jumino (2004) states that a passive sentence was derived from the corresponding active by applying an optional transformational rule such as: Structural Description (SD) : NP Aux V. It means that the rule can be used or can be omitted Both of the sentences, „John gave Mary presents‟ and „John gave presents to Mary‟, are acceptable in English. The sentence can be represented in the tree diagram The rule of this transformation is called topicalisation as Ouhalla (1999) says in the following: Move XP and attach it as the leftmost constituent of S. Both of the sentences, „He likes pizza‟ and „Pizza, he likes‟ are acceptable in English
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