Abstract
The Commercial Convention of 1838 has often been used as a landmark delimiting the end of Ottoman economic insulation and the beginning of massive influence by foreign powers. Quite recently, Ottoman historians and economists have documented the enormous importance of the Free Trade Treaties, showing that “whereas British manufacturers began to expand their markets in the Ottoman Empire before 1838, the opening of Ottoman primary products to trade with Britain accelerated only after the signing of the Free Trade Treaties” (Pamuk, 1987, p. 29). For the empire as a whole, it seems probable that the Treaties influenced the patterns of international trade.
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