Abstract
The effect of tetramethylammonium cations (TMA +) on TiO 2 crystal morphology in hydrothermal conditions has been studied. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The morphologies including besom-like particle, nanosheet and nanotube have been observed. The different ways TMA + cations in the hydrothermal bases affect the crystal growth manner are suggested to be responsible for the different morphologies of the as-synthesized samples.
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