Morphology and microstructure of hydrating portland cement and its constituents V. Changes in hydration of portland cement with and without the presence of triethanolamine and calcium lignosulphonate

Abstract

Systematic sequential observations with the electron microscope were made of the morphological changes that occured during the hydration of normal portland cement paste. The specific effect of each of two admixtures, triethanolamine and calcium lignosulphonate, was studied. The hydration products observed were clearly the same as those noted in the pastes of pure minerals or mixtures of these. The morphological changes that occurred appeared to be the same, and the rate of change effected by the presence of an organic admixture was found to be very similar.