Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the anatomical and histochemical characteristics of the leaf, stem, and bark of G. senegalensis, by using light and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The analysis revealed the presence of pitted xylem vessels, fibers, stone cells, starch, various types of trichomes, and calcium oxalate crystals in powdered form of different parts of the plant through microscopy. Anatomical features include the dicot vascular bundle (V-shaped organization), epidermis, collenchymas, parenchyma cells, phloem companion cells, actinocytic stomata, the lactiferous vessel in the stem, and lignified pericyclic fiber were present. Different types of secondary metabolites like steroids, mucilage, sesquiterpenes, tannins, phenols, and polyphenols were identified within the cells by the histochemical investigation. The current results provide accurate information for the quality assessment and correct identification of G. senegalensis crude drug or herbal products. No previous papers on this taxon are available in the literature about its ethnobotany and pharmacobotanical characteristics.
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