Morphological reactions of the immune process in experimental animals vaccined with BCG vaccine under high and low altitude

Abstract

Aim . To study morphological changes in the lymph nodes of experimental animals vaccinated with BCG vaccine in high and low mountains. Material and Methods . Guinea pigs from the vivarium of the Central Research Laboratory of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University were used as experimental animals. All animals were vaccinated subcutaneously with the BCG vaccine at a dose of 0.05 mg of dry matter in 0.1 ml of solvent. The difference in morphological changes of sections made from regional lymph nodes of experimental animals vaccinated with BCG in high and low mountains was analyzed. Results . The animals were divided into 2 groups: 1 group was placed in expeditionary conditions in high mountains, and group 2 - in low mountains. A week after vaccination, the inguinal lymph nodes in animals of group 1 increased. Mantoux test 1:10 (ATK) was positive - 5 mm. In animals of group 2, less pronounced reactions of the lymph nodes were noted. Tuberculin tests were equivocal (2 mm) and negative. After 1.5 months, in animals of groups 1 and 2, regional lymph nodes were enlarged and indurated, and an increase in the cervical groups of lymph nodes was also noted. The Mantoux test was 1:10 on average - 7 mm in the first group, and 12 mm - in the second group. Conclusion . Under conditions of low mountains, in the lymph nodes, the first signs of specific cellular appeared later than in animals in high altitude conditions, then large specific foci were formed, with caseosis.