Abstract
The knowledge about the extent of variability, the distribution and the relationship between descriptors within local germplasm collection are a high value for the improvement and the efficient genetic diversity maintenance and utilization of plant species. The objective of this study was to assess the morphological and agronomic characteristics of original germplasm of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maintained in ex situ collection in IPGR-Sadovo. Fifty-five accessions of Triticum aestivum L. stored for more than 10 years in the National gene bank of IPGR-Sadovo were planted under field condition and their agro-morphological characters such as plant shape (at tillering), leaf-flag attitude (at the beginning of heading), spike attitude (at full ripeness), spike awnedness, spike color and spike shape, length of vegetative growth phase, plant height, length of spike, spikelets per spike and 1000 grain mass were recorded. The variation analysis showed that the most relative variable character during the period of study is the length of spike (C.V. %=15.09%), following to 1000 grain mass (C.V. %=8.04%) and spikelets per spike (C.V. %=7.66%). PC-analysis was applied to group accessions according to similarity on the basis of five traits (length of vegetative growth phase, plant height, spike length, spikelets per spike and 1000 seed weight) in two components in the factor plane. The analysis shows that the first component explains 30.349% of the total variation and the second -26.001%. Two factors explain total 56.350% of the variation in the experience. A database with assessment information of regenerated accessions was created. The results of this study will support efforts of conservation and utilization of landraces in winter bread wheat breeding programs.
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