Morpho-chemical evaluation of soybean genotypes across tropical agroecosystem

Abstract

Soybean is the most important legumes crop and source of protein for Indonesia society. The aim of the research was to evaluate the morpho-chemical characters of soybean genotypes across environments. A total of 16 soybean genotypes were evaluated in four different agro-ecosystems from February to May 2015. The experiment at each agro-ecosystem was arranged in a randomized block design with 16 treatments and four replicates. . The result showed that the morpho-chemical characters of 16 genotypes were significantly affected by genotype by environment interaction. The average of protein contents in four locations were 39.30%, 38.76%, 39.06%, and 38.14%, respectively; and the oil contents were 19.52%, 19.66%, 19.15%, and 20.54%, respectively. There was an indication that a higher protein content resulted in a lower oil content. The highest protein content was GRRR-12-15 (39.96%), and followed by Anjasmoro (39.84%) and GA-1-4 (39.46%). Genotypes with high oil content were GAAA-6-3 (21.36%), GAA-5-1 (20.72%), and GRRRR-19-7 (20.38%). A drier agro-ecosystem affected to the decrease in protein content. Stability analysis of protein content showed that GA-1-6 as the most stable genotype, followed by Anjasmoro and GA-1-4. Meanwhile, the most stable genotype for its oil content was Grobogan, and followed by GAAA-6-3 and GA-1-6. The high yield productivities were showed by GAAA-6-7 (3.06 t/ha), GA-1-4-2 (2.91 t/ha), and GA-1-4 (2.82 t/ha). The two top yielding genotypes, GAAA-6-7 and GA-1-4, were showed specific adaption, hence they can be recommended to be developed at relatively dry environment to obtain high yield, protein and oil contents.