Abstract
We simulate the superradiant dynamics of ensembles of atoms in the presence of collective and individual atomic decay processes. We apply the Monte-Carlo wave-function method and identify quantum jumps in a reduced Dicke state basis, which reflects the permutation symmetry of the system. While the number of density matrix elements in the Dicke representation increases polynomially with atom number, the quantum jump dynamics populates only a single Dicke state at the time and thus efficient simulations can be carried out for tens of thousands of atoms. The superradiant pulses from initially excited atoms agree quantitatively with recent experimental results of strontium atoms but rapid atom loss in these experiments does not permit steady-state superradiance. By introducing an incident flux of new atoms to maintain a large average atom number, our theoretical calculations predict lasing with a millihertz linewidth despite rapid atom number fluctuations.
Highlights
Superradiance is caused by collective interaction of atoms with a radiation field and has been the subject of interest since the early proposal by Dicke [1]
We apply the Monte-Carlo wave-function method and identify work may be used under the terms of the Creative quantum jumps in a reduced Dicke state basis, which reflects the permutation symmetry of the system
We study the system depicted in figure 1(a), where N atoms trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice interact collectively with a lossy fundamental cavity mode while being subject to individual decay, dephasing and excitation, loss as well as feeding due to the interaction with their local environment
Summary
Superradiance is caused by collective interaction of atoms with a radiation field and has been the subject of interest since the early proposal by Dicke [1], (see [2, 3]). We study the system depicted, where N atoms trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice interact collectively with a lossy fundamental cavity mode while being subject to individual decay, dephasing and excitation (pumping), loss as well as feeding due to the interaction with their local environment. This system can be studied with either a laser master equation or an atomic superradiance master equation [8]. We will review briefly the master equation in the Dicke state basis and demonstrate its unraveling and effective simulation with the MCWF method
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