Abstract
Plant NBS-LRR R-genes recognizes several pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and limit pathogen infection through a multifaceted defense response. CzR1, a coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich repeat R-gene isolated from Curcuma zedoaria L exhibit constitutive resistance to different strains of P. aphanidermatum. Majority of the necrotrophic oomycetes are characterized by the presence of carbohydrate PAMPs β-glucans in their cell walls which intercat with R-genes. In the present study, we predicted the 3D (three dimensional) structure of CzR1 based on homology modeling using the homology module of Prime through the Maestro interface of Schrodinger package ver 2.5. The docking investigation of CzR1 with β-glucan using the Glide software suggests that six amino acid residues, Ser186, Glu187, Ser263, Asp264, Asp355 and Tyr425 act as catalytic residues and are involved in hydrogen bonding with ligand β-(1,3)-D-Glucan. The calculated distance between the carboxylic oxygen atoms of Glu187–Asp355 pair is well within the distance of 5Å suggesting a positive glucanase activity of CzR1. Elucidation of these molecular characteristics will help in in silico screening and understanding the structural basis of ligand binding to CzR1 protein and pave new ways towards a broad spectrum rhizome rot resistance development in the cultivated turmeric.
Highlights
Curcuma longa L. of the family Zingiberaceae is one of the most important crop with great medicinal and economic significance [1]
The Ramachandran plot showed 96.6% amino acid residues from the main chain conformation of CzR1 within the favored or allowed regions suggesting that majority of the amino acids are in a phi-psi distribution that is consistent with a righthanded α-helix
In conclusions, molecular modeling procedures revealed the presence of a narrow cleft near the ATP-GTP binding site of the highly charged NBS domain of CzR1, a CC-NBS-LRR class Rgene from C. zedoaria
Summary
Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) of the family Zingiberaceae is one of the most important crop with great medicinal and economic significance [1]. (turmeric) of the family Zingiberaceae is one of the most important crop with great medicinal and economic significance [1]. Turmeric yield is not up to the demand because continuous domestication of the preferred genotypes coupled with their exclusive vegetative nature seems to have eroded the genetic base of this crop and as a result all of its cultivars available today are suceptible to major fungal and bacterial diseases. Crop losses to the tune of 60% has been realized in the recent times mainly due to the infection by a necrotrophic oomycetic fungus Pythium aphanidermatum causing the rhizome rot disease in turmeric [2]. Due to several constraint associated with the utilization of chemical pesticides and host resistance breeding, a genetic transformation approach using alien genes could be the most likely solution towards development of rhizome rot resistance. Our lab has recently identified and characterized a coiled-coil-nucleotide-bindingsite-leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) R-gene, CzR1 from wild
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