Abstract
In this study, nanotwinned Cu nanowires (nt-Cu NWs) with varying twin characteristics were fabricated via pulse electrodeposition using a novel H3BO3 based electrolyte, and their impact on the oxidation process was investigated. The density and direction of twin lamellas within nt-Cu NW were adjusted by modifying the concentration of H3BO3 and the current density. Specifically, the average twinning thickness of Cu NWs increases from 26.7 nm to 424.5 nm as the concentration of H3BO3 increases from 0 g/L to 6 g/L. Moreover, three types of nt-Cu NWs with distinct twinning directions, namely waterfall type, bevel type, and ladder type were fabricated by changing the current density from −0.16 ASD to -1.6 ASD (vs Ag/AgCl). A nanowire Winand (NWW) diagram was established to describe the change of twin density and direction based on the difference between the growth behaviour of thin films and nanowires. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were further used to characterize the oxidation process of nt-Cu NWs. It revealed that the oxide thickness was closely related to the thickness of twin lamellas for the ladder type nt-Cu NWs. Also, the waterfall type Cu NWs exhibited a unique bead-chain like oxide morphology and a slower oxidation rate through the impact on the nanoscale Kirkendall effect (NKE). This study provides valuable insights into the controllable fabrication of nt-Cu NWs and Cu oxide NWs.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call