Modifiable risk factors of lung cancer in "never-smoker" women.

Jong-Myon Bae

doi:10.4178/epih/e2015047

Abstract

Korean women with a history of never smoking and with adenocarcinoma showed an increasing trend in lung cancer occurrence during 2002 to 2012. The two modifiable factors of never-smoker lung cancer in women are hormone and oncogenic virus infection. Based on previous studies, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection might afford protection or be a risk factor, respectively. It is necessary to perform a pooled analysis of cohort studies to evaluate HRT and never-smoker lung cancer in women and a systematic review of case-control studies to determine the association between HPV infection and never-smoker lung cancer.

Highlights

Lung cancer is a primary site cancer that causes the highest number of cancer deaths in Koreans [1]
According to cancer incidence and death statistics provided by the Korean Statistical Information Service and the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR, www.ncc.re.kr), cancer incidence sex ratio decreased steadily for men in comparison to women from 2002 to 2012; there has been no change in mortality rate (Figure 1)
According to the histological distribution of lung cancer patients provided by the KCCR (Figure 2), the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma, which was found primarily in men in 2002, continuously decreased, whereas the incidence of adenocarcinoma increased continuously, becoming the cancer with the highest incidence in 2012

Summary

Introduction

Lung cancer is a primary site cancer that causes the highest number of cancer deaths in Koreans [1]. According to cancer incidence and death statistics provided by the Korean Statistical Information Service (www.kosis.kr) and the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR, www.ncc.re.kr), cancer incidence sex ratio decreased steadily for men in comparison to women from 2002 to 2012; there has been no change in mortality rate (Figure 1).

Results

Conclusion