Relationship between human papilloma virus infection and Chlamydia trachomatis infection and its correlation with cervical lesions

Abstract

Objective To study the relationship between female genital human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection, and its correlation with cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Methods A total of 540 female outpatients were recruited. All the patients were given HPV, CT and cervical scraping examination. Cervical biopsy was conducted in patients with suspected cervical lesions. According to the results of HPV examination, 140 patients with confirmed HPV infection were designated as the observation group, and 400 patients negative to HPV were designated as control group. The relationship between HPV infection and CT infection, and its correlation with cervical lesions was analyzed. Results The incidence of cervical lesions in the observation group (21.4%) was significantly higher than that in control group (1.3%, P<0.000 1). According to type of HPV infection, patients in the observation group were divided into the high-risk group (78 cases), low risk group (32 cases) and mixed infection group (30 cases). The incidence of cervical lesions in the high-risk group (25.6%) and mixed infection group (26.7%) was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (6.3%, P=0.009; P=0.019). The incidence of CT infection in the observation group (27.1%) was significantly higher than that in control group (3.3%, P<0.000 1). The incidence of CT infection in the high-risk group (33.3%) and the mixed infection group (36.7%) was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (3.1%, P=0.021; P=0.019). Based on the presence of CT infection, the patients in the observation group were divided into HPV infection group and CT mixed infection group. The incidene of cervical lesions in the latter (57.8%) was significantly higher than that in the former (25.5%, P=0.046). And in CT mixed infection group, the incidence of cervical lesions in patients with high risk of HPV infection and mixed HPV were 39.3% and 50.0%, it was significantly higher than that of pure HPV and mixed infection in patients with high-risk HPV infection group, the incidence rate was 16.0% and 15.4%, the differences were statistically significant (P=0.026, P=0.017). Logistic regression analysis showed that high-risk HPV infection (OR=2.180, P=0.018), mixed infection of HPV and CT (OR=6.690, P=0.012) were risk factors for cervical lesions. Conclusion CT infection in female genital tract is closely related to HPV infection. Mixed infection of HPV and CT is an independent risk factor of cervical precancerous lesion and cancer. It is of important significance to further reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions through the early screening of female genital HPV infection and CT infection, timely and effective treatment of mixed microbial infections. Key words: Genital tract; Human papilloma virus (HPV); Chlamydia trachomatis (CT); Cervical precancerous lesions; Cervical cancer