Abstract
The rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) increases the power demand, which causes an extra burden on the public grid, increasing the load fluctuations and, therefore, hindering the high penetration of EVs. In this paper, a real-time rule-based algorithm for electric vehicle (EV) charging stations empowered by a direct current (DC) microgrid is proposed. Such a DC microgrid model consists of EVs, an electrochemical storage system, a public grid connection, and photovoltaic sources. The EV charging station model is based on data-driven modelling while its management model takes into account discrete events. This paper focuses on power management strategy of an EV charging station under power limitation and considers most of the drivers’ choices. The EV charging system topology is presented and common problems during an EV charging process are discussed, e.g., disconnection operation, standby mode, shedding, and restoration operation. Furthermore, the proposed power management deals with the uncertainties of EV drivers’ behavior considering arbitrary and random choices through the human–computer interface. The simulation results obtained under MATLAB/Simulink verify the feasibility of the proposed management strategy that presents a good performance in terms of precise control.
Highlights
In many countries, greenhouse gas emission reduction plans have been implemented and one of the promising solutions is transport electrification
Considering the electric vehicles (EVs) charging station modelling proposed in Locment, F et al [22,23], this paper presents an EV charging station model empowered by a direct current (DC) microgrid
EV charging stations based on a DC microgrid, consisting of PV source, storage system, public grid connection, are easy to design and implement in shopping malls, school parking lots, community parking lots, etc
Summary
Greenhouse gas emission reduction plans have been implemented and one of the promising solutions is transport electrification. A robust energy management strategy for EV charging stations is proposed in [15] It is based on randomized algorithms and determines a day-ahead upper bound profile on the power consumption of EV charging stations and strictly respected in real-time, guarantying the grid stability in a more efficient and less costly manner. EV charging stations empowered by a PV-based microgrid can work in self-consumption mode so that reducing the impact on the public grid. The real-time management strategy of an EV charging station is investigated under power limitation and considering most of the drivers’ need from the perspective of combining theory with practice, in which drivers’ choices, the disconnection operation, the standby mode, the shedding operation, and the restoration operation are included.
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