Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow towards a Vertical Riga Plate in Hybrid Cu-Al2O3/Water Nanofluid

Najiyah Safwa Khashi’Ie,Norihan Md Arifin,Ioan Pop

doi:10.3390/math8060912

Abstract

The present work highlights the stagnation point flow with mixed convection induced by a Riga plate using a Cu-Al 2 O 3 /water hybrid nanofluid. The electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) force generated from the Riga plate was influential in the heat transfer performance and applicable to delay the boundary layer separation. Similarity transformation was used to reduce the complexity of the governing model. MATLAB software, through the bvp4c function, was used to compute the resulting nonlinear ODEs. Pure forced convective flow has a distinctive solution, whereas two similarity solutions were attainable for the buoyancy assisting and opposing flows. The first solution was validated as the physical solution through the analysis of flow stability. The accretion of copper volumetric concentration inflated the heat transfer rate for the aiding and opposing flows. The heat transfer rate increased approximately up to an average of 10.216% when the copper volumetric concentration increased from 0.005 ( 0.5 % ) to 0.03 ( 3 % ) .

Highlights

A new procreation fluid with good thermal performance is beneficial to fulfill industrial and technological needs
The results showed that the adoption of nanoparticles could augment the thermal conductivity up to 32.1% of the working fluid
Inspired and motivated by the literature above, the novelty of the present work is to scrutinize the dual solutions in mixed convective stagnation point flow of hybrid Cu-Al2 O3 /water nanofluid towards a Riga plate

Summary

Introduction

A new procreation fluid with good thermal performance is beneficial to fulfill industrial and technological needs. Studied the steady mixed convective stagnation point flow of a viscous fluid and considered both arbitrary surface heat flux and temperature variations They found that the dual solutions were possible within a specific range of the buoyancy parameter and a reverse flow began to develop in the opposing flow region. Zaib et al [46] scrutinized the mixed convective flow of a micropolar TiO2 -kerosene/water nanoparticles over a Riga plate They used the Keller-box method for the numerical computation and obtained two solutions for the opposing flow and a unique solution for the assisting flow. Inspired and motivated by the literature above, the novelty of the present work is to scrutinize the dual solutions in mixed convective stagnation point flow of hybrid Cu-Al2 O3 /water nanofluid towards a Riga plate. The authors are confident that the present work is new, has significant impact in the mathematical and engineering fields, and can attract other researchers

Mathematical Formulation

Temporal Flow Stability

Results and Discussion

Conclusions