Unsteady separated stagnation point flow due to an EMHD Riga plate with heat generation in hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

• The unsteady separated stagnation point (USSP) flow of Cu-Al 2 O 3 /H 2 O flow is analyzed. • The effects of heat generation and EMHD conditions are also examined. • The dual solutions are obtained for the USSP flow case. • The streamlines for the second solution splits into two regions (reverse flow). • The heat generation reduces the thermal rate of the Cu-Al 2 O 3 /H 2 O. This paper examines the unsteady separated stagnation point (USSP) flow on a Riga plate subject to the heat generation and electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) conditions. The fluid is consisting of two different nanoparticles which are Cu (copper) and Al 2 O 3 (alumina). The model of the flow includes the Navier-Stokes and energy equations. These equations are then simplified with the aids of the similarity variables. The numerical results are generated by the bvp4c function and then, presented in graphs and tables. Outcomes from the computations reveal that the electro-magnetohydrodynamic parameter boosted the magnitude of the skin friction and the heat transfer coefficients. However, the retardation of the heat transfer is observed when the heat generation is imposed on the boundary layer. Besides, the domain of the solutions is expanded for larger value of electro-magnetohydrodynamic parameter, and these solutions are terminated at certain points of the unsteadiness parameter. It should be noted that the streamlines for the first solution acts as a normal stagnation point flow whereas for the second solution splits into two region which proves the occurrence of the reverse flow. Lastly, by using the stability analysis, the second solution is found to be unstable while the first solution is stable as time evolves.