Mitigation of Heat Stress in Solanum lycopersicum L. by ACC-deaminase and Exopolysaccharide Producing Bacillus cereus: Effects on Biochemical Profiling

Tehmeena Mukhtar,Abdullah A Ibrahim,Shafiq Ur Rehman,Amna Amna,Talaat H I Solieman,Hassan Javed Chaudhary,Tariq Sultan,Abdullah A Alsadon,Shafaqat Ali,Donald Smith,Montasir A O Saad,Mahmoud F Seleiman

doi:10.3390/su12062159

Tehmeena Mukhtar, Abdullah A Ibrahim + Show 10 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062159

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Soil microorganisms might be assessed for their capabilities of plant growth promotion in order to identify heat tolerant strategies for crop production. The planned study was conducted to determine the potential of heat tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in mitigating heat stress effects in tomato. Bacillus cereus was evaluated for plant growth promoting activities and assessed for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC-deaminase) (0.76–C0.9 μM/mg protein/h), and exopolysaccharide (0.66–C0.91 mg/mL) under normal and heat stressed conditions. Plant growth regulators were evaluated through High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Bacterial inoculation effects on important physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated under normal and heat stressed conditions in growth chamber. The morphological-physiological traits significantly revealed drastic effects on both of un-inoculated tomato varieties under heat stress conditions. Bacterial augmentation significantly promoted shoot, root length, leaf surface area, fresh and dry weight. Heat stress enhanced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production and cleavage of ACC into a-ketobutyrate and ammonia due to ACC-deaminase producing bacteria that significantly reduced the adverse effects of heat on tomato growth. In conclusion, the applied plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) bacterial strain proved as potential candidate for improving tomato crop growing under heat stressed conditions. However, it is highly suggested to validate the current results by conducting field trials.

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Global warming is a major threat to living organisms, and has become a critical issue worldwide
The results showed that antioxidant activities of Riogrande tomato plants exhibited 62%, 61.5%, and 82.3% higher Superoxide dismutase (SOD), POD and CAT activities, respectively, for un-inoculated plants grown under heat stress (T2) compared to control (C) (Table 7)
The current study describes the potential of heat tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus cereus for the production of ACC-deaminase, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), extracellular enzymes activities that alter the growth traits of tomato plant under heat stress

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Introduction

Global warming is a major threat to living organisms, and has become a critical issue worldwide. Abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, droughts, flash floods, cold waves, elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and cyclones are natural disasters which can cause economic losses and provide the proof of global warming [1,2,3]. High temperature is a major environmental concern that constrains vital plant functions such as seed germination, seedling growth, plant metabolism, and reduces its yield in various agro-ecological zones throughout the world [5,6]. Elevated temperature has a strong impact on crop yield that varies with different severity levels and duration of heat stress [7,8]. Disruption of proline transport and sugar metabolism occurs during the narrow window of male reproductive processes under elevated temperature that cause the failure of fruit setting in tomato plants [17]

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