Miniature microstrip antenna for IoT application

Abstract

Wireless technology is greatly influenced by the advanced technological development of the antenna. With the rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) application in the modern communication system, the demand for micro antennas is increasing. Microstrip patch antennas are generally used in IoT applications due to itscompatibility. The key benefit of the microstrip antenna is that it allows easy integration into IoT devices. Thus, in this work, rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed and the performance was analysed. In this work,the antenna resonant frequency range was 100 MHz and 5.8 GHz, which is appropriate for IoT application was used. The antenna was designed with FR-4 substrate material. For this work, CST software (version 2014) was used as simulation software. In this work, two types of antenna were designed, which was conventional microstrip antenna and optimized microstrip antenna containing U-shaped structure. The performance of these two antennas was compared in terms of bandwidth, gain and return of loss. The key results of this work showed that the optimized U-shaped antenna improved the bandwidth from 134.1 MHz to 167.6 MHz, gain from 1.83 dB to 2.54 dB and return of loss-20.32 dB to −26.56 dB compared to the conventional antenna. In addition, the optimized antenna achieved operating frequency of 5.755 GHz, which is suitable for IoT applications.