Milk technology assessment based on greenhouse gas emissions

Abstract

The resulted of determination greenhouse gas emissions under the tied maintenance of cattle and mechanized removal of manure when preparing byproducts for using with industrial production of cattle. The determination was made on the basis of the obtained data on the consumed gross energy of different sex and age groups of cattle, which was determined taking into account raw protein, raw fat, crude fiber and nitrogen-free extractives in the feed and biogenic elements of by-products. The determination was made taking into account the amount of food consumed and the yield of by-products. On the basis of the gross energy consumed by the animals and these byproducts, the values of methane emissions, direct and incidental nitrogen emissions were determined, both in absolute values and in the units per one conventional head and CO2 equivalent per year. With a herd of 703 heads, the consumption of gross energy per day was 1170435.38 mJ. The output of by-products per day is 12.300 kg. The output of by-products per day is 12.300 kg. The distribution of feeds with the tied content of cows is carried out by the mobile feed distributor KTU-10, directly into the feeding troughs. Manure from the stalls is raked manually into the manure channels, where the TSN-3B transporter is mounted, which removes it from the barn. It was determined that when the animals were tied in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine in the State Enterprise «Gontarovka», the emissions of greenhouse gases during the preparation of organic wastes of industrial milk production amounted to 16640.90 kg in CO2 equivalent per 1 head, while the annual emissions for the flock were as follows: methane — 8701156.055 СО2, and direct and indirect nitrogen emissions — 382.325 СО2. The results of the research will form the basis for the analysis of greenhouse gas emissions with various cattle technologies in order to identify technologies that can provide minimum greenhouse gas emissions.